2023, Volume 20, Issue 2
Svetlana Yu. Pavlina Onyms in Political Posters: Intersemiotic and Pragmatic Perspectives
Voprosy onomastiki, 2023, Volume 20, Issue 2, pp. 300–312 (in English) Received on 10 May 2021 Abstract: This article explores the properties of proper names involved in visual political communication from the standpoint of multimodality and functional pragmatics. The material encompasses 198 campaign posters, spanning 1999–2022, which have a verbal element containing anthroponyms, toponyms and other proper names. Such political advertisements incorporate linguistic and visual elements so they are viewed as multimodal texts in which politically relevant information is created due to the integration of various modes. The research rests in the realm of socio-onomastics and uses the systemic functional approach to multimodal discourse analysis. The findings show that in juxtaposition to other semiotic signs, an onym’s meaning is equally conditioned to the internal semantics and broad social and cultural contexts. Hence, functionally, they are a part and parcel of those complex semiotic relations shaping the message and the image-language models of the visual political discourse. The research elucidates the functions names perform in political posters which encompass identification, attention drawing, ludic, identity assessment and evaluation ones. The findings have implication for studying the manipulative potential of proper names set in a socio-political context. Keywords: anthroponyms, visual political communication, political posters, multimodality, language-image interaction, semiotics, socio-onomastics References Ainiala, T., & Östman, J.-O. (Eds.). (2017). Socio-onomastics: The Pragmatics of Names. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Ainiala, T., Saarelma, M., & Sjöblom, P. (2012). Names in Focus. An Introduction to Finnish Onomastics. Helsinki: Finnish Literature Society. Balentine, M., Frazier, J., & Webster, G. (2014). Geographic Place Name Use in the 2012 Presidential Debates. In J. Clark Archer et al. (Eds.), Atlas of the 2012 Elections (pp. 63–66). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. Balentine, M., & Webster, G. (2020). Place Names as Strategic Political Communication: Analysis of Geographic Language in US Presidential Debates, 1976–2012. In S. Brunn, & R. Kehrein (Eds), Handbook of the Changing World Language Map. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02438-3_7 Blanár, V. (2009). Vlastné meno vo svetle teoretickej onomastiky. Martin: Matica slovenská. Daly, A., & Unsworth, L. (2011). Analysis and Comprehension of Multimodal Texts. Australian Journal of Language and Literacy, 34(1), 61–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03651846 Dmitrieva, A. V. (2021). Pretsedentnyie imena v rossiiskoi politicheskoi reklame: representatsiia tsennostnykh etalonov i kulturnykh smyslov [Precedence Names in Russian Political Advertising: Representation of Value-based Standards and Cultural Symbols]. Voprosy onomastiki, 18(2), 177–195. https://doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2021.18.2.025 Dmitrieva, A., & Golomidova, M. (2020). Communication Strategies of Including Precedent Proper Names in Political Advertising Videotexts. In A. Kerimov et al. (Eds.), International Scientific Conference on Philosophy of Education, Law and Science in the Era of Globalization (PELSEG 2020) (pp. 100–106). Amsterdam: Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200723.019 Golomidova, M. V. (2009). Lichnoe imia kak nositel’ sotsial’noi informatsii [Personal Names as Social Information Carriers]. In T. A. Gridina et al. (Eds.), Psikhologicheskiie aspekty izucheniia rechevoi deiatelnosti [Psychological Aspects of Speech Studies] (Vol. 7, pp. 59–72). Ekaterinburg: UrGPU. Gonnova, N. V. (2020). Lingvokreativnyi potentsial reklamnykh imen (na primere derivatov s otsenochnym komponentom) [Creative Potential of Advertising Names (With reference to Derivatives with Evaluative Component)]. Uralskij fililogicheskij vestnik, 2, 116–126. https://doi.org/10.26170/ufv20-02-10 Koptyaeva, N. N. (2019). Iazykovyie i graficheskiie sposoby diskreditatsii Dzheremi Korbina v internet-memakh [Linguistic and Graphic Means of Discrediting Jeremy Corbyn in the Internet Memes]. Politicheskaya lingvistika, 6, 73–83. https://doi.org/10.26170/pl19-06-09 Kryukova, I. V. (2013). Imena sobstvennye v sovremennoi rossiiskoi reklame [Proper Names in Modern Russian Advertisement]. In T. N. Kolokol’tseva (Ed.), Reklamnyi diskurs i reklamnyi tekst [Advertising Discourse and Advertising Text] (pp. 261–278). Moscow: Flinta. Motta, M., & Fowler, E. (2016). The Content and Effect of Political Advertising in U.S. Campaigns. In W. Thompson (Ed.), Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.217 O’Halloran, K. (2011). Multimodal Discourse Analysis. In K. Hyland, & B. Paltridge (Eds.), Companion to Discourse (pp. 120–137). London: Bloomsbury. Pavlina, S. (2020). Using Intertextuality in Political Campaign Multimodal Texts. In O. Leontovich, & Li Yingying (Eds.), Text, diskurs, narrativ: sovremennye tendentsii i perspektivy issledovaniia [Text, Discourse, Narrative: Current Trends and Perspectives] (pp. 146–157). Volgograd: PrinTerra Design. Romanova, T. P. (2020). Iventonim kak reklamno-informativnyi tip imeni sobstvennogo [Eventonym: A Specific Type of Advertising Proper Name]. Voprosy onomastiki, 17(2), 220–240. https://doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2020.17.2.025 Steinmetz, K. (2020, February 12). Terms Like ‘OK Boomer’ Are Hard to Define. This Dictionary is Trying to Do it Anyway. Time. Retrieved from https://time.com/5782508/ok-boomer-meaning-slang-dictionary/ (accessed on 03.05.2023). |