ВОПРОСЫ ОНОМАСТИКИ | PROBLEMS OF ONOMASTICS

Leyla Agdasovna Mardieva
Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia

GENERIC WORDS IN THE NAMES OF RUSSIAN NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES OF THE 18th–19th CENTURIES

For citation
Mardieva, L. A. (2025). Generic Words in the Names of Russian Newspapers and Magazines of the 18th–19th Centuries. Voprosy onomastiki, 22(3), 187–205. https://doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2025.22.3.033

Received on 28 October 2024
Accepted on 14 April 2025

Abstract: This article investigates the development of a functional-semantic group of lexical units used as generic terms (journalistic or nomenclatural markers) in multi-component hemeronyms. Drawing on continuous sampling from N. M. Lisovsky’s Bibliography of the Russian Periodical Press, the study identifies and analyses 32 lexical units that served this function in the 18th and 19th centuries. The frequency of each unit’s occurrence and its typical syntagmatic patterns within hemeronymic structures are examined. Two distinct groups of generic words are delineated based on their syntactic behavior: one comprises units with a universal functional scope, capable of denoting any type of periodical publication; the other consists of words that tend to appear in titles of specialized journals targeting specific audiences. The findings suggest that, as Russian journalism began to take shape and publications started developing distinct features and addressing specific audiences, a system of different types of periodicals was beginning to emerge. This development was accompanied by the establishment of a corresponding functional-semantic group of generic words. This group developed through borrowing words from other languages and styles, as well as by giving new meanings to existing words. While many of the terms identified have since become entrenched within the professional vocabulary of contemporary journalism, others were obliterated. The inventory of generic words thus offers insight into 18th–19th centuries publishers’ conceptualization of journalism — its literary origins, its informational and historical functions, its operational immediacy, and its dialogic character as a means of engaging with readers.

Keywords: Russian language; media onomastics; hemeronym; media onomastics; term in journalism; first Russian newspapers and magazines; minimal context; type of publication

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